Known for its unique Mediterranean climate, Lebanon remains one of the most attractive sites in the middle east for its richness in biodiversity. 

Lebanon's distinguished wealth in biodiversity compared to other countries in the Arab region is due to its endowment with a unique interplay of characteristics. Its ecological diversity is not merely due to its enjoyment of a Mediterranean climate. Rather, its vast array of geomorphological regions from mountain ranges, to fertile plains, to coastal zones, leads to the development of distinct microclimates that further result in the emergence of different habitats attracting a wide range of species. 

These characteristics enable Lebanon to boast one of the highest densities of floral diversity in the Mediterranean basin, as well as harboring a number of endemic plant species and a variety of fauna. 

Despite its prominence as one of the most attractive sites among all Arab countries, anthropogenic activities threaten the continuity of this richness in biodiversity. For this reason, up till 2006, seven Nature Reserves have been established by laws and one by ministerial decision, aiming at the protection of endangered species and the conservation of their habitats covering nearly 5% of the overall area.

The abundance of wildlife, as well as the beauty of the landscapes and the peace and tranquility of these reserves, makes these Nature Reserves an ideal destination for recreational and educational activities. 

Al-Shouf Cedar Nature Reserve, enclosing the three cedars forests of Maasir Shouf, Barouk and Ain Zhalta/ Bmohray, is located on the western slopes of Mount Lebanon chain and reaches from Dahr al Baidar in the North to Niha Mountain near Jezzine in the South. The Niha Mountain, with only scattered patches of trees, represents the natural southern limit of Lebanese cedar (Cedrus libani). 

Covering nearly 2% of Lebanese territory, Al-Shouf Cedar Nature reserve is the largest Nature Reserve in Lebanon and is considered as a suitable location for the conservation of large mammals such as the wolf and the caracal lynx, and eventually an adapted site for the reintroduction of previously extinct species such as the mountain gazelle and the Nubian Ibex.